Lowenberg Sign/Test – For Detecting Early sign of Venous Thrombosis

What is the Lowenberg Sign/Test?

The lowenberg test helps in detecting the early signs of venous thrombosis.

Procedure of Peforming Lowenberg Sign/Test

The examiner binds the blood pressure cuff to each lower leg and pumps them up.

Assessment of the Lowenberg Sign/Test

Usually, the discomfort will occur only beyond 180 mmHg (24kpa). If thrombosis is present, the normal leg will be observed to tolerate compression of the calf musculature with much higher pressure than the affected leg.

Early Signs of Deep Vein Thrombosis

• On palpation, there may be tenderness on the medial side of the thigh (sartorius and gracilis)
• On palpation, there may be tenderness in the knee.
• There may be pain on compression of the calf muscles (Lowenberg sign).
• On dorsiflexion of the foot, there may be a pain in the calf muscles (Homan’s sign).
• There may be tenderness on palpation.
• There may be groin pain.
• There may be tenderness to palpation along the adductors.
• There may be a pratt warning sign.
• There may be a pain in the sole of the foot. Payr sign upon tapping or pressing the sole of the foot with the edge of the hand.

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Nerve Root Disorder Test

Duchenne Sign – Used to assess a nerve root disorder.

Thomsen Sign – Indicates or signals sciatic nerve root irritation.

Tiptoe and Heel Walking Test – Identifies or pinpoints a nerve root disorder in the lumbar spine.

Sacroiliac Joint Tests

Mennell’s Sign / Mennell’s Test – Used to assess degenerative processes in the sacroiliac joint.

Springing Test – To detect functional impairment in the Thoracic & Lumbar spine & Sacroiliac Joint.

Gaenslen’s Test – To detect any pathology or dysfunction around the sacroiliac joint.

Standing Flexion Test/ Standing Forward Flexion Test – To assess sacroiliac joint dysfunction.

Faber Test / Patrick’s Test – Used to assess the pathology or dysfunction at the hip joint, muscles around the hip joint, and at the sacroiliac joint.

Thoracic Spine Test 

Ott Sign – For Measuring the ROM of the Thoracic Spine

Cervical Exams

Cervical Flexion Compression Test –  To identify if there is a Herniated disk in the Cervical spine.

Jackson Compression Test –  To Detect Cervical Radiculopathy (Cervical Nerve Root Compression).

Spurling Test – For Diagnosing Cervical Radiculopathy.

Cervical Distraction Test – To detect the presence of cervical radiculopathy.

O’Donoghue Test – Helps in differentiating between muscular pain (strain) and ligamentous pain (articular problem) in the cervical spine.

Soto Hall Test – For Detecting Problem in Patient’s Neck (Cervical Spine).

Maximum Compression of the Intervertebral Foramina Test of Cervical Spine – For Detecting Facet Joint Dysfunction in the Cervical Spine.

Some other Tests

Transverse Humeral Ligament Test – Indicates transverse humeral ligamentous insufficiency, and it also indicates biceps tendinitis.

Pelvic Ligament Tests – used for the assessment of the pelvic ligaments.

Supported Forward Bend Test (Belt Test) – helps in differentiating lumbar pain and sacroiliac pain.

Adam’s Forward Bend Test – For detecting the presence of scoliosis (either functional or structural).

Noble Compression Test/Noble Test –  To assess pain coming from iliotibial band syndrome.

Neer Test –  For detecting the presence of shoulder impingement syndrome.

Subscapularis Test – Indicates rupture of the subscapularis muscle

Forced Adduction Test on Hanging Arm – This test also assesses the shoulder joint pathology (acromioclavicular joint disease) or subacromial impingement.

Bowden Test – Indicates tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis).

Muckard Test – Helps in diagnosing acute or chronic tensosynovitis of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons.

Other Test

Achilles Tendon Tap Test – Indicates a tear in the Achilles tendon.

Resources

Clinical Tests for the Musculoskeletal System: Examinations-Signs-Phenomena by K. Buckup